Anni Albers
Born Annelise Fleischmann in Berlin in 1899, Anni Albers studied art at the Kunstgewerbeschule (School of Applied Art) in Hamburg, before enrolling at the Bauhaus in 1922. In 1925 she married fellow Bauhaus student Josef Albers. When the school was closed by the Nazis in 1933, the pair relocated to the United States and worked as teachers at Black Mountain College. Anni was a member of the weaving workshop at the Bauhaus and drew inspiration from the Andean weavings of ancient Peru; after her arrival in the US, weavings gathered on annual trips to Mexico became a new source of inspiration. In 1965 Albers published the seminal On weaving.
Albers first collaborated with Kenneth Tyler at Gemini GEL in 1970. Albers used the base motif of a triangle in repetition to create an image of great structural power. In 1978, Albers worked at Tyler Graphics to create the series of six white embossed prints, Mountainous. The grid-like structure recalls a woven object, with line rather than thread employed to carry meaning.
Emilie Owens
Chronology
1899 Born in Berlin, Germany
1916–19 Studies art under Martin Brandenburg
1920 Studies at Kunstgewerbeschule School of Applied Art, Hamburg, Germany
1922–30 Studies at Bauhaus, Weimar, Germany under Georg Muche, Johannes Itten, Gunta Stölzl, and Paul Klee; receiving diploma in 1930
1923 Participates in the first Bauhaus exhibition, decorating Haus am Horn with textiles
1925 Marries Josef Albers; Bauhaus relocates to Dessau, Germany
1930–33 Part-time instructor, Bauhaus weaving workshop
1933 Emigrates to United States of America
1933–49 Assistant Professor of Art, Black Mountain College, Black Mountain, North Carolina
1934 Travels to Havana, Cuba, where Josef Albers delivers lecture
1935 Travels to Mexico, the first of fourteen trips to the nation, and begins collecting Pre-Colombian art
1937 Included in exhibition Bauhaus 1919–1928, Museum of Modern Art, New York City, New York
1939 Becomes citizen of the United States of America
1940 Begins making and exhibiting framed weavings on linen base
1946 Included in travelling exhibition Modern handmade jewellery originating at the Museum of Modern Art, New York City
1949 Travelling exhibition, Anni Albers: textiles, originating at Museum of Modern Art, New York City
1950 Moves to New Haven, Connecticut; undertakes commission to furnish the Harvard Law School building designed by Walter Gropius
1953 Solo exhibition, at Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art, Hartford, Connecticut
1954 Solo exhibition, at Honolulu Academy of Arts, Hawaii
1957 Receives commission to furnish Temple Emanu-El, New York City, notably her first commission to furnish a synagogue
1959 Travelling exhibition, Anni Albers pictorial weavings, originating at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge; publishes On designing (Pellango Press: New Haven), which collates her published articles on textile design
1960 Solo exhibition, at Contemporary Art Museum, Houston, Texas
1961 Receives American Institute of Architects Gold Medal in the field of craftsmanship
1963 Begins printmaking at Tamarind Lithography Workshop, Los Angeles
1964 Receives fellowship to Tamarind Lithography Workshop, Los Angeles, California; completes portfolio of seven lithographs entitled Line Involvements
1965 Writes On weaving (Wesleyan University Press: Middletown), which wins the Decorative Arts Book Award Citation
1966 Receives commission for tapestry for the Jewish Museum, New York City
1970 Writes Pre-Columbian Mexican miniatures: the Josef and Anni Albers collection, (Praeger: New York); completes editions of TR I, TR II and TR III at Gemini G.E.L., Los Angeles
1971 Included in exhibition, Technics and creativity: Gemini G.E.L., at Museum of Modern Art, New York City
1972 Receives honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Maryland Institute College of Art, Baltimore
1975 Travelling exhibition, at the Kunstmuseum, Düsseldorf, West Germany and Bauhaus-Archiv, Berlin
1976 Completes Triangulated intaglio series of etchings with aquatint at Tyler Graphics Ltd., Bedford Village, New York; receives honorary doctorate Philadelphia College of Art
1977 Retrospective exhibition, Anni Albers: drawings and prints, at Brooklyn Museum, New York City; included in exhibition, Art off the picture press, at Emily Lowe Gallery, Hofstra University, Hampstead, New York
1978 Completes Mountainous I-VI series of embossings and Second movement I-VI series of etchings with aquatint at Tyler Graphics Ltd., Bedford Village, New York
1979 Receives honorary doctorate from University of Hartford, Connecticut
1981 Receives American Craft Council Gold Medal
1984 Included in exhibition, Prints from Tyler Graphics, at Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota
1985 Travelling retrospective exhibition, The woven and graphic art of Anni Albers, at Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC
1989 Exhibition, Josef and Anni Albers, at Villa Stuck Museum, Munich, Germany
1990 Exhibition, Gunta Stolzl, Anni Albers, at Museum of Modern Art, New York City; honorary doctorate from the Royal College of Art, London, United Kingdom
1994 Anni Albers died in Orange, Connecticut
Barbara Delano © Tyler Graphics Ltd., revised Kate Buckingham, 2006
This chronology provides an overview of selected biographical information, major solo and group exhibitions held within the artist's own lifetime.
Further Reading
EXHIBITIONS
- Anni and Josef Albers, 8 Jun – 22 Sept 2024
- Lichtenstein to Warhol: The Kenneth Tyler Collection, 7 Sep 2019 — 9 Mar 2020
- Paperwork, 13 October 1982 – 16 May 1983
NATIONAL GALLERY PUBLICATIONS
- Anni and Josef Albers, Imogen Dixon-Smith, 2024
- Lichtenstein to Warhol: The Kenneth Tyler Collection, Jane Kinsman, exhibition catalogue, 2019
- Workshop: The Kenneth Tyler Collection, Jane Kinsman (ed.), 2015
- Paperwork, Pat Gilmour and Anne Wilsford, 1982
STORIES
- The prints of Anni Albers: line involvements
- International Women’s Day: celebrating female artists
- Casting shadows
RELATED LINKS